Synergistic effect of Adsorbent dosage of Neem leaf powder NLP on Isotherms of lead (Pb2+) to enhance the efficient decrease of lead concentration

Abstract

Lead (Pb²⁺) is one of the heavy metals that naturally occurs and is found in the earth’s crust. Its widespread use has resulted in extensive environmental contamination, human exposure, and significant public health problems in many parts of the world. Many different methods were explored to remove the Pb²⁺ from the contaminated water. In this experiment, Neem leaf powder (NLP) was used as an agent for the removal of heavy metals through a process called adsorption or biosorption. It has been shown in the experiment that the NLP was a good adsorbent for the removal of Lead (Pb²⁺). It has been observed that the increase in the dosage of the NLP also increased the % Removal of the adsorbate. The data obtained from the experiment, after kinetic models’ analysis, were observed to have followed the Pseudo-second order model, and the Isotherm model analysis showed that the Langmuir mode was the best to describe the adsorption mechanism.