Synergistic effect on heavy metals concentration in Soil of waste Disposal sites in Birnin Kudu town in Jigawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

The Widespread practice of open solid waste disposal dump sites in the contemporary era has become a major source of solid waste disposal in urban and semi-urban areas, contributing immensely to severe health risks and other environmental degradation. Due to the rapid growth of settlement and urbanization, the environmental health effects of some solid waste disposal (dumped sites on the soil by heavy metals) are becoming an increasingly urgent calamity to society. This research focuses on geochemical and physiochemical investigation of some heavy metals on soil in solid waste disposal dumpsites in some selected areas of Birnin kudu. The solid waste disposal of the said area were taken of about 10 places as a sample to assess the metal index risk to ascertain the rapid increase in transfer factor by heavy metals on soil to human by inhalation and compared to the other area having no such heavy metals. The sites were mainly contaminated with Cd Cr Fe, Zn Pb as well as partially contaminated by Mg and Mn. Inhalation of such heavy metals results in numerous health risks including stomach pain, liver failure, damage to the kidney, mental illness as well as skin cancer. Moreover, identifying the extent of contamination of heavy metals and coming up with modalities to overcome such health risks, is one of the targets of this research which include the migration of the solid waste disposal dump site too far from the vicinity, advancement of green chemistry practices in local industry, community awareness by enlighten peoples dropping their solid waste disposal dump in the sites, community implementation to take necessary actions. The essential measures that can ensure safeguarding future occurrence and also achieve sustainable development goals 6 (SDG).